The structure, life cycle and function of the eyelashes
Eyelashes - the strongest hairs on the human body, surround the eyes, performing a protective function. Designed to save the eyes from dust, sand, water and other contaminants that can damage vision, provoke the development of inflammatory diseases. A professional Leshmaker is obliged to know the structure of the eyelashes in detail in order to conduct a high-quality extension. Hair renewal occurs within 7-9 weeks, which significantly affects the duration of the wearing of artificial fibers.
The structure of the eyelids and eyelashes
If you look at the cilium from the inside with the help of special devices, you will learn that it consists mainly of keratin. Its content is 97%, and the rest is water. By keratin is meant a special protein that is present in the body, in the upper layer of the skin and nails.
The structure of the eyelashes is amazing. Despite the fact that it is small, has its own characteristics and performs important functions. The main components are root, rod, follicle. Each individual hair follicle is equipped with a blood vessel that is responsible for feeding the cilia with oxygen and beneficial substances. Also, the follicle connects with the sebaceous glands and sweat glands. It is a recess in which the bulbs are located. The bulb is called the small seal on the root, which tends to divide strongly and form a hair.
On the lower part of the bulb there is a special papilla containing blood vessels. This nipple has an important function - it is like a computer that regulates the growth of the cilia and controls its condition.
The hair follicle is in close contact with the sweat glands, nerve fibers, muscles, sebaceous glands.
The cilium itself is divided into the following parts:
- Core - consists of keratin known to us.
- The core - this part of the hair is visible and called the cilium.
- Cortical layer - is a kind of coating, consisting of dead cells, which are responsible for the strength of the hairs.
- Cuticle - it contains several layers of cells covering the hair. It is necessary to protect against the harmful effects of the environment.
In the upper eyelid there are 2-4 rows of cilia, in which there can be up to 250 hairs. The length varies from 7 to 12 m. In the lower eyelid there are only 1-2 rows with the smallest number of cilia - only 75-100 pcs. On average, the length does not exceed 8 mm.
Functions and life cycle of hairs
The main function is to protect the eyes from dust and mechanical particles.
The life of one cilia last 3-6 months. For all people, this period is different and depends on the characteristics of the organism.
The first phase is called anogenic. It is the growth of hair follicles. Its length is approximately 30 days. During this time, one hair grows 0.12-0.14 mm in one day.
The second phase is called catagenic. This is one of the shortest cycles, as it is transitional. During this period, the cilia stops growing. Length - 15 days.
The third telogenic phase characterizes the end of the division cycle of the hair follicle, it goes into rest, which lasts an average of 100 days. At the end of this period cilia falls.
Features of the phases of development
The life cycle of eyelashes is divided into several main stages, characterized by features and purpose.
- During anagen, a new hair follicle grows.
- In the transitional catagen, the follicle shrinks. The process lasts only 5 days.
- The follicle goes to the resting stage during telogen lasting 100 days.
- In the early anogen, the formation of the future hair root is observed. At this time, the old eyelash disappears, and fresh begins to make its way.
A person with good health has 85% of hairs on the head, which are in the active division stage. But in the area of the eyelids and eyebrows, another picture is observed - due to the short growth phase of the "bristle" most of the time they are in a sleeping state.
Growth factors
It has been scientifically proven that there are several factors that influence the life cycle of eyelashes. True, there is still no exact data on how exactly they act.
- Retinoic acid and its derivatives. These substances can increase the anagenic phase.
- Hormones androgens. They affect receptors, are concentrated inside the papilla and regulate growth.
- Glucocorticoids, substances in the form of growth hormones, prolactin, insulin. They have a particular effect on the hair follicles, but how exactly they act is not known.
- Insulin-like growth factor I. Under its influence, the anagen stage slows down and the follicle grows longer.
- Prostaglandins can regulate the process of growth and division of hair cells.
The growth of eyelashes can be controlled with the help of special tools, but not in each case they can be used. When buying marketed drugs, be sure to pay attention to contraindications and consequences of the use. For example, hormonal products do increase the number and length of cilia, but after they are canceled, the opposite effect occurs. If you want to safely express the look. contact a professional leshmaker. Artificial framing can give real luxury without harm to the health of natural hair.
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